2.1         Alienation Psychology 

The man is aware of the limitation of his own knowledge, and of his own impotence before nature. The lack of knowledge about the nature brings sensorial and emotional inconveniences to the man. Sensorial inconveniences are the product of direct, painful relationship with the nature. Emotional inconveniences are the product of the reflective relationship with the nature. The most pronounced emotional state is the fear that is the consequence of insufficient knowledge, and/or impotence of the man to oppose natural inconveniences. The man rids of the inconveniences within the limits of his own possibilities.  

If the man does not accept his own impotence where he is objectively unable to surpass it, he then forms the needs that exceed his own possibilities of realization. Since thoughts are free and may act independently of nature, the man forms under the pressure of the inconveniences caused by his own impotence and the need to overcome it, a subjective idea about the nature and the laws of the movements in it in the form that suits him. If such subjective determinations skip the obstacles in the relations with the nature, which is possible since there is frequently no inconvenience in direct contact of the man and the nature unknown to him, the man rids of the inconvenient tension and accepts such determinations as real.  

The subjective vision gives the man an illusion of power in nature, which brings swiftly and easily the conveniences that are by their intensity identical to those arising from the real surpassing of the man's impotence in the nature. The ways of transmission of the reality and illusions are easy and suitable, which encourages the man to find, in search for greater conveniences, the sources in each moment of life. One may say that "the man who does not know", or, more exactly, an impotent man forms during his lifetime in the unknown, superior or inconvenient nature an indefinite number of determinations of nature; it’s parts, and natural phenomena in the form that suits him. Such nature is no longer unknown because the man "becomes familiar" with it, it is no more superior because the man "wins" over it, it does not belong to somebody else because the man “annexes” it. The man adopts such nature by his subjective visions to the determinations that suit him the best. However, such determinations are alienated from their objective essence. 

Alienated determinations form in the man an alienated conception of the conveniences and inconveniences, which creates an alienated respect toward the powers in nature, alienated emotional states, alienated needs, alienated actions. In this way a subjective consciousness develops an alienated knowledge. Alienated knowledge is false and, therefore, forms an alienated mode of the man's living. The alienated mode of living alienates the man from his nature and thus the process develops cyclically. 

One may say that the man alienates from his own nature when he is not able to accept the limitations of his own nature. The man, who cannot accept to a larger extent his own impotence where he objectively cannot surpass such impotence, gets alienated to a greater extent from the objective reality.  

Subjectivity creates alienation. However, a subjective vision also always carries in itself the objective determinations. Absolute subjectivity would form an absolutely alienated consciousness, and the man as the protagonist of such consciousness would lose the possibility of subsistence. Absolute objectivity would form absolute naturalness, which represents an ideal of the man's living. The relationship of objectivity and subjectivity represents the relationship of naturalness and its alienation.   

Alienated knowledge that illusorily resolves the issue of the man's impotence before the unknown nature may find justification if it largely contains the objective determinations of the laws of the nature's movements. Such knowledge, although not real, does not have to come necessarily in direct conflict with natural powers, and releases the man from the inconvenient tension of the relation with the unknown.  

Alienated knowledge loses its justification when it diverts the man from his natural track. The man can never fully meet the alienated needs, because there is no activity that can capture the nature of the origin of such needs. Simply, the man cannot surpass the power of the nature.   

Since alienated needs cannot accomplish satisfaction, they are as a general rule insatiable. Such alienation develops egoistic features of the character, and manifest in the form of greed, ambition, exaltation, fanaticism in the field of the man's alienated interest. Alienated needs may objectively be fully unnecessary to the man's nature; however, they create in his alienated consciousness a great importance. They then direct the man to act contrary to his own nature.  

If the man's alienated consciousness is able to find an illusory confirmation for his alienated power, the man then develops a higher degree of subjectivism that creates a narcissistic feature of the character. Narcissism significantly pushes back and underestimates the objective, unknown, unacceptable reality and glorifies the alienated vision of one's own power in nature, which creates a great illusion of vital conveniences. When the man defines by his subjective vision his own power far bigger than the one he can objectively have, he easily comes across the contradiction in real life, which brings along strong tensions and inconveniences. Objectively, narcissi needs are unnecessary to the man's nature; however, in his subjective consciousness they easily become a precondition for ensuring the subsistence. Such man invests a great energy in the fight for alienated survival.  

The more the man is alienated from his nature, the less can he, as a general rule, satisfy his needs and thus find relaxation and conveniences. Generally speaking, the alienated man can be recognised by the fact he is almost permanently under stress, he is certainly more nervous than easy going, he is more bad tempered than satisfied, he is more depressed than happy without matter what are his operation results. The man's nature cannot endure a permanent tension and inconvenience and, therefore, his organism finds the way out in the perversion of his own senses and emotions.  

The alienated man rids of the inconvenient tension and finds illusory relaxation and conveniences in the perversion of his own nature. While the natural man finds relaxation and conveniences in love, in a constructive attitude toward nature, the alienated man finds illusory conveniences and relaxation in hatred and destructive attitude toward nature. To such a man the destruction becomes a need. Destructive tension that then appears may make the man fully unable to perceive the objective causes of inconveniences.  

If the man overvalues with his subjectivity the conditions in nature, which bring inconveniences to him, he then finds the causes of impotence in himself, he then orients destructively toward himself. Depending on the degree of impotence, the self-destructiveness acquires the features that range from the passivity before natural forces even where the man has the power for their overcoming, to the need for self-destruction. The man does not aspire to self-destruction because of the objective impotence such as poverty or famine is, but only if he loses the alienated form of power in nature. The man accepts the self-destructiveness as a need for flight from the reality and it can develop from, for example, alcoholism to fully alienated consciousness, lunacy. Only in that way can such man find relaxation from the inconvenient tension.  

If the man overvalues his power with his subjective vision, he then finds the way out of the inconveniences as well as an illusory relaxation from the tension in a destructive attitude toward nature. The man is never that much destructive as he is when his narcissistic character, his false human greatness gets hurt. Depending on the degree of impotence and the lack of respect toward nature, destructiveness manifests in the form of aggression that may develop to the act of destroying the nature.  

The man who lives in harmony with his own nature overcomes his own impotence gradually and constructively. Such a man accomplishes natural conveniences. When the man alienates from his own nature he cannot satisfy his needs and, therefore, tensions emerge in him that push him to destruction. The alienated man lives a biologically inconvenient life.  

Well, the whole book is about alienation but what would that be in one sentence? Alienation is a state where a man does not recognize values where they really are. He thinks the values are what really are not. 

The man thinks as he feels, he feels as he lives, and lives as he thinks. Since the man manages his thoughts by way of knowledge, since thoughts determine the needs and thus direct the action, it is the man who bears the responsibility for the realization of his own sensorial and emotional states. One can say that the man is what he thinks or, more exactly, that he is what he knows.  

Back to Top